Формирование профессиональной общности в рабочей группе (на примере операторов упаковки кондитерской фабрики)

The article poses the question, how in the working group at the enterprise, i.e. in the conditions of contract relations, a professional community is formed, i.e. relationship of cohesion? Contract relations, including the agreement to follow professional ethics and comply with code of conduct, do not oblige workers to experience a sense of solidarity, cohesion and unity. Rather, on the contrary, formal prescriptions are quickly forgotten or ignored in routine activities. At the same time, it is obvious that the studied working group — the packers of toffee at the confectionery factory — has common features of community expressed in everyday practices and language (opposing their group to other groups, using their own professional language). The analysis of the materials allows us to conclude that in this case the failures in working process play the key role in the formation of a professional community. First, failures determine the relations between employees of different departments and differentiate working groups according to the interest of these groups in solving the arisen problem. Secondly, even from time to time recurring problems always remain professional challenges, giving the opportunity to improve qualification, acquire a new skill. Thirdly, the frequency of disruptions in the work contributes to the formation and consolidation of certain practices and language, the sharing which by the participants of the working group means their inclusion in the professional community. The article was based on field materials (diary entries and documentary sketches of situations) of the participant observer, who worked at the confectionery factory as a packing operator for a year. The obtained conclusions should not be (or should be carefully) generalized and transferred to other working groups of other enterprises. The interpretation of socio-ethnographic research presented here remains within the present time and the space in which it was conducted.