Конструирование депрессии в зарубежном социологическом дискурсе: от «психиатрического объекта» к голосу субъекта

doi:10.31119/jssa.2022.25.2.6

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31119/jssa.2022.25.2.6

Мария Глухова Европейский университет в Санкт-Петербурге, Санкт-Петербург, Россия mglukhova@eu.spb.ru

Для цитирования

Глухова М.(2022) Конструирование депрессии в зарубежном социологическом дискурсе: от «психиатрического объекта» к голосу субъекта. Журнал социологии и социальной антропологии, 25(2): 127-157. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31119/jssa.2022.25.2.6

Аннотация

Депрессия на протяжении последних 50 лет является одним из наиболее часто встречающихся диагнозов в западном мире. Быстрый и глобальный характер распространения этого заболевания способствовал его проникновению в поле изучения зарубежной социологии. Однако в России до недавнего времени депрессия не рассматривалась как социальная, и соответственно социологическая, проблема. Изучение этого феномена и его причин, в том числе лежащих в полесоциального, в отечественной науке остается прерогативой психиатрии и психологии. В статье ставится вопрос о том, как формировался дискурс о депрессии в англоязычной социологии на протяжении последних 50 лет и как отечественная социология может встроиться в международную дискуссию об этом явлении. С помощью применения методологии систематического обзора литературы отобраны 142 эмпирические статьи о депрессии за 1975–2021 гг. Источники проанализированы методом дискурс-анализа с позиции социологии знания (SKAD). В результате анализа делается вывод о движении англоязычного социологического дискурса от изучения человека и его депрессии как «психиатрического объекта» к предоставлению голоса субъекту. Путем изучения интерпретативных схем, классификаций и структуры феномена депрессии в академическом дискурсе предложена периодизация его развития. В то же время в России социологический дискурс о депрессии пока не сформировался, так как обсуждение этого предмета ведется преимущественно с позиции психиатрии. Статья призвана стимулировать дискуссию о депрессии и других психических заболеваниях в отечественной социологии.

Ключевые слова:

депрессия, социология, история науки, дискурс-анализ, социология науки, социология знания, Россия

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Источники

Психологи среди нас (2020, ноябрь 19) ВЦИОМ. Новости [https://wciom.ru/analytical-reviews/analiticheskii-obzor/psikhologi-sredi-nas-202].