Convicted women staying in the correctional facility: socio-demographic structure and problems of social adaptation
Abstract
The work examines the dynamics of female crime in Russia for 2011–2022, discusses the socio-demographic structure of convicted women serving sentences in correctional colonies and problems of social adaptation. The relevance of the study is determined by the practical problems of introducing and implementing probation technologies in modern Russia, as well as theoretical problems caused by insufficient knowledge of everyday practices and problems of social adaptation of women in the Russian penitentiary system. As a result, Russian sociology has not formed ideas about the behavioral strategies of convicted women while serving their sentences and after leaving correctional colonies. Object of study: everyday practices of social adaptation of convicted women. Subject of the study: the influence of the status position of a convicted woman in the socio-demographic structure on the everyday practices of her social adaptation. Purpose of the study: to identify problems of social adaptation of convicted women depending on their socio-demographic status. In the first part of the work: the socio-demographic structure of women convicted and committed crimes is analyzed based on Russian statistics for 2011–2021. The second part of the work: the problems of adaptation of convicted women after leaving correctional institutions are systematized on the basis of data from an expert interview with psychologists of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia (n=4) and specialists from socially oriented non-profit organizations (SO NPO) working with women after their release from a correctional facility (n=4). As a result of the study, the following data were obtained. Social status determines social practices and the effectiveness of social adaptation of convicted women. When implementing the probation law, it is necessary to consider the most vulnerable categories of women who have been released (women with minor children, dependent women, people of retirement age, women without stable social ties, and those who do not have the opportunity to find a job due to restrictions in the regional labor market).
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