Русская социологическая школа в оценке А.С. Лаппо-Данилевского

Аннотация

The article based on academic manuscript of Alexander Lappo-Danilevsky (1863-1919) “On sociology”, preserved in the fund at the St. Petersburg branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Archive (F. 113), considers his analysis of the “Russian sociological school”. By “Russian sociological school” he means the representatives of the subjective or ethical and psychological approaches. First of all, he focuses on the analysis of the teachings of P. Lavrov and N. Mikhailovsky and only briefly mentions other members of the school — N. Kareyev and S. Yuzhakov. A. Lappo-Danilevsky considered their views as the transition from positivistic sociology to Neo-Kantianism, so the section on “Critical construction” in the manuscript precedes the section on “Russian sociological school” in sociology. The manuscript contains not only presentation but also criticism of the “Russian sociological school” for not implementing epistemological principle in sociology, mixing epistemological and psychological points of view, confusing psychology with evaluations and norms, inadequate attention to the problem of “alter” and others. On the example of “Russian sociological school” A. Lappo-Danilevsky wanted to show exhaustion and limitations of methods and approaches of positivist sociology. A. Lappo-Danilevsky’s manuscript is a preparatory material for the lectures he gave at St. Petersburg University, which explains conciseness of exposition and its limitations to views of N. Mikhailovsky and P. Lavrov. The lectures were based on the historical principle of presentation. The article presents the most complete fragments of the manuscript and restores a range of sources used by A. Lappo-Danilevsky.